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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">unoj</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Успехи наук о животных</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Ernst Journal of Animal Science</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="epub">3034-493Х</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Федеральный исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.25687/3034-493X.2025.5.4.005</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">unoj-33</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ANIMAL AND VETERINARY SCIENCE</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменение показателей биохимического и клинического статуса крови коров при некоторых метаболических и хозяйственно-значимых нарушениях</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Changes in the biochemical and clinical blood status of cows in certain metabolic and economically significant disorders</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Боголюбова</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bogolyubova</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Московская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow Region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Колесник</surname><given-names>Н. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kolesnik</surname><given-names>N. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Московская обл.</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Moscow Region</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru">ФГБНУ ФИЦ ВИЖ им. Л.К. Эрнста<country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en">L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry<country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>06</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>59</fpage><lpage>70</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Боголюбова Н.В., Колесник Н.С., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Боголюбова Н.В., Колесник Н.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Bogolyubova N.V., Kolesnik N.S.</copyright-holder><license license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.ernstjournal.ru/jour/article/view/33">https://www.ernstjournal.ru/jour/article/view/33</self-uri><abstract><p>Кетоз, ацидоз и мастит у коров часто протекают в субклинической форме без видимых признаков воспаления, а потому изменения биохимических и гематологических показателей могут помочь их своевременно диагностировать. О наличии различных форм кетоза у молочных коров могут свидетельствовать изменения показателей азотистого обмена, проявляющиеся в повышении уровня общего белка за счет глобулиновой фракции наряду с гипоальбуминемией и снижением концентрации мочевины. Сообщается о нарушениях углеводно-липидного обмена, а именно повышении уровня триглицеридов, ЛПВП и снижении холестерина и глюкозы. Изменения в минеральном обмене обусловлены, в основном, снижением уровня кальция, фосфора, магния и щелочного резерва, гормонального и антиоксидантного статуса организма. При ацидозах у молочных коров происходят негативные изменения антиоксидантного статуса, выраженные в снижении активности ферментов антиоксидантной защиты (каталазы, супероксиддисмутазы) и повышении уровня МДА. Сообщается об увеличении в крови триглицеридов и кетоновых тел. Приводятся данные об увеличении активности АЛТ, ACT, ЛДГ, липазы и уровня лактата. При ацидозе наблюдается гипоальбуминемия и гипокальциемия наряду с увеличением фосфора. Основные изменения при маститах касаются клинических показателей крови и характеризуются повышением числа лейкоцитов, снижением эритроцитов и гемоглобина. Необходимо дальнейшее расширение и изучение гормональных и антиоксидантных показателей крови при метаболических нарушениях в организме, связи биохимических, в том числе и антиоксидантных, маркеров крови и состава молока.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Ketosis, acidosis and mastitis in cows often occur in a subclinical form without visible signs of inflammation, and therefore changes in biochemical and hematological parameters can help diagnose them in a timely manner. The presence of various forms of ketosis in dairy cows may be indicated by changes in nitrogen metabolism, manifested in an increase in total protein levels due to the globulin fraction along with hypoalbuminemia and a decrease in urea concentration. Disorders of carbohydrate-lipid metabolism have been reported, namely an increase in triglycerides, HDL, and a decrease in cholesterol and glucose. Changes in mineral metabolism are mainly due to a decrease in the level of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and alkaline reserve, hormonal and antioxidant status of the body. In case of acidosis in dairy cows, negative changes in the antioxidant status occur, expressed in a decrease in the activity of antioxidant defense enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase) and an increase in the level of MDA. An increase in blood triglycerides and ketone bodies has been reported. Data on an increase in the activity of ALT AST LDH, lipase, and lactate levels are presented. With acidosis, hypoalbuminemia and hypocalcemia are observed along with an increase in phosphorus. The main changes in mastitis relate to clinical blood parameters characterized by an increase in the number of white blood cells, a decrease in red blood cells and hemoglobin. It is necessary to further expand and study the hormonal and antioxidant parameters of blood in metabolic disorders in the body, the relationship of biochemical, including antioxidant, markers of blood and milk composition.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>молочные коровы</kwd><kwd>кетоз</kwd><kwd>ацидоз</kwd><kwd>маститы</kwd><kwd>биохимические показатели крови</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>dairy cows</kwd><kwd>ketosis</kwd><kwd>acidosis</kwd><kwd>mastitis</kwd><kwd>biochemical blood parameters</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Shabalina T., Yin T., König S. Influence of common health disorders on the length of productive life and stayability in German Holstein cows // J. Dairy Sci. 2020. Vol. 103. № 1. P. 583 – 596. doi: 10.3168/jds.2019-16985.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Shabalina T., Yin T., König S. 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