unojУспехи наук о животныхErnst Journal of Animal Science3034-493ХФедеральный исследовательский центр животноводства – ВИЖ имени академика Л.К. Эрнста10.25687/3034-493X.2026.7.2.003unoj-42Research ArticleЗООТЕХНИЯ И ВЕТЕРИНАРИЯANIMAL AND VETERINARY SCIENCEНалим как перспективный объект аквакультуры и его состояние в природных водоемах мираBurbot as a promising object of aquaculture and its condition in natural reservoirs of the worldИлюшинаП. С.IlyushinaP. S.

Московская обл.

Moscow Region

БелоусА. А.BelousA. A.

Московская обл.

Moscow Region

ВНИИР филиал ФГБНУ ФИЦ ВИЖ им. Л.К. ЭрнстаРоссияAll-Russian Research Institute of Integrated Fish Farming, Branch of L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal HusbandryRussian Federation202604082026024356Copyright © Илюшина П.С., Белоус А.А., 20262026Илюшина П.С., Белоус А.А.Ilyushina P.S., Belous A.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.ernstjournal.ru/jour/article/view/42

Налим одна из древнейших промысловых рыб, документально подтвержденное использование которой человеком прослеживается на протяжении значительного исторического периода. Археологами, проводившими исследования, считается, что данный вид был объектом промысла еще во времена неолита. Это подтверждается находками в различных регионах Евразии. Налим распространен практически по всему миру и его ареал обитания охватывает обширные территории, однако в некоторых странах он истреблен или его виду угрожает опасность исчезновения. Основными причинами, которые негативно влияют на популяции вида, являются изменение климата, повышение температуры воды, человеческий фактор, негативно влияющий на основные места обитания и загрязнение водоемов. Налим является важным объектом для искусственного воспроизводства и сохранения его природного статуса, так как представляет высокую экономическую ценность. Эффективное управление промыслом, развитие аквакультуры и внедрение современных технологий позволят обеспечить устойчивое развитие отрасли и сохранение биоразнообразия водоемов. 

Burbot is one of the oldest commercial fish, the documented use of which can be traced back over a significant historical period. Archaeologists who have conducted research believe that this species was an object of fishing in the Neolithic period. This is confirmed by findings in various regions of Eurasia. Burbot is distributed almost all over the world and its habitat covers vast territories, but in some countries it has been exterminated or its species is in danger of extinction. The main reasons that negatively affect the populations of the species are climate change, rising water temperatures, the human factor negatively affecting the main habitats and pollution of water bodies. Burbot is an important object for artificial reproduction and preservation of its natural status, as it represents a high economic value. Effective fishery management, the development of aquaculture and the introduction of modern technologies will ensure the sustainable development of the industry and the conservation of biodiversity in reservoirs.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.