Modern advances in silkworm (Bombyx mori) genomics: from molecular markers to complete genome
https://doi.org/10.25687/3034-493X.2025.4.3.003
Abstract
The silkworm (Bombyx mori) serves not only as the foundation of traditional sericulture but also as a unique model for genomic research among lepidopterans. This article provides a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of genomic studies of B. mori, covering the period from the initial work with molecular markers to the creation of a complete telomere-to-telomere genome assembly in 2024. Particular attention is paid to the development of genetic analysis methods: from early approaches (RAPD, RFLP, AFLP) to modern highly polymorphic microsatellite markers and whole-genome sequencing. The successes in identifying genes controlling key economically valuable traits are analyzed in detail, including genes for productivity (BmAbl1, BmVps13d), silk gland development (BmSGF1, BmPriS), metamorphosis (BmShadow, BR-C), cocoon coloration (Bm-re, Gn-Str cluster), and reproduction (BmSer1, BmNap). A significant achievement has been the creation of integrative databases and gene expression atlases, providing a foundation for the systems biology of the silkworm. Current understanding of the molecular mechanisms of domestication and breeding improvement is summarized, including the identified candidate genes for selective selection associated with the nervous system and metabolism. Significant progress in studying the genetic basis of adaptation, including the mechanisms of diapause and stress resistance, is noted. The obtained data are of fundamental importance for understanding insect evolution and have practical applications in breeding programs. Special emphasis is placed on promising research directions, including functional genomics, the study of regulatory systems, and the creation of reference transcriptomes. The work demonstrates how genomic advances are transforming traditional breeding, paving the way for the targeted development of silkworm breeds with desired traits.
About the Authors
O. A. Koshkina
L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow Region
T. E. Deniskova
L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow Region
N. A. Zinovieva
L.K. Ernst Federal Research Center for Animal Husbandry
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Moscow Region
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Koshkina O.A., Deniskova T.E., Zinovieva N.A. Modern advances in silkworm (Bombyx mori) genomics: from molecular markers to complete genome. Ernst Journal of Animal Science. 2025;(3):41-51. (In Russ.) https://doi.org/10.25687/3034-493X.2025.4.3.003
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